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Acne, or “acne vulgaris”, is an oily skin condition where skin’s sebaceous glands produce excess sebum. This causes pores to become clogged with dead cells and sebum. Sometimes, the process stops there, resulting in blackheads and whiteheads. This is known as “retentional acne”. In more severe cases, bacteria multiply in the trapped sebum and cause inflammation in the skin, resulting in superficial pimples called pustules, or deeper, hard and painful lesions called nodules and cysts. This is called “inflammatory acne”.
In acne, an inbalance in hormones called androgens cause the sebaceous gland to produce lots of oil. The same hormones cause increased production of skin cells lining pores. Pores then get clogged with a mixture of cells and sebum, becoming a breeding ground for acne-causing bacteria. This results in several types of pimple ranging from red spots to pustules or deep, painful cysts.
Acne is essentially caused by hormones. In females, this can be treated with birth control, also known as the oral contraceptive pill (OCP), which rebalances your hormones in favour of clear skin. See your doctor to find out if you are a candidate for this treatment, as it is not suitable for everyone.
Post acne scars are very hard to treat. Certain in-office treatments can help such as microdermabrasion, chemical peels, laser and microneedling. In people with blemishes, post acne scars should be prevented from forming in the first place with suitable medications such as antibiotics or isotretinoin. Ask also your pharmasists about an expert daily skincare such as the EFFACLAR range.
Mild acne can be managed with the right dermocosmetic solutions. Gently cleanse skin twice daily with a micellar water or foaming cleansing gel. Follow with daily skincare with active ingredients like salicylic acid, niacinamide and piroctone olamine. If these measures are not enough, see your dermatologist to ask about medical treatments such as retinoids, antibiotics and isotretinoin.
Overly harsh products can cause a sebum-rebound effect and aggravate acne. Dermatologists recommend gentle adapted cleansing.
Firstly, heredity which in some cases is extremely important. The symptoms associated with hereditary acne should be studied especially anything indicating a hormonal blood disorder such as excessive hairiness menstrual disorders, or being overweight. Other factors that need to be investigated are whether the patient is taking medication such as oral corticosteroids or certain psychotropic and anti-epileptic drugs. Other factors that come into play include stress, environmental factors humid climates, pollution and a number of controversial substances present in the environment that may affect the acne. Acne is in no way a contraindication for using make-up. However, the make-up used should be non-comedogenic and dermatologically tested. If not, it may exacerbate the acne.
Safety standards beyond international cosmetics regulations.
